Turpentine baths

First-aid
Heatstroke


We played on the open air under the rays of the bright, cheerful sun children, often from overheating occurs sunstroke (a kind of heat). This happens because of sweating, which is when overheating leads to a violation of water-salt metabolism, slowing blood flow and oxygen starvation.


Mild overheating in children headache, lethargy, nausea. Increase respiration and heart rate. The skin is moist, the pupils dilated.Body temperature is normal or slightly increased.


With an average degree of overheating is noted severe weakness, severe headache, nausea and vomiting. Movements become unbalanced, pulse and respiration more frequent, the skin reddens.Sometimes, once developed syncope.


If overheating is observed severe impairment of consciousness from mild to coma. There may be convulsions, psychomotor agitation, delusions, hallucinations. Breathing shallow, rapid, pulse 120-140 beats per minute, a weak filling, thread-like. The body temperature rises to 41-42 degrees.


Heat stroke can cause epileptic seizures, increased intracranial pressure, mental disorders.


What to do | Get heatstroke child need to quickly bring to the shaded, windy site, undress, moisten the face with cold water and cool the body with a wet towel on his head to put something cold. Displaying plenty of cold drinks. If the assistance provided is correct and timely manner, with mild to moderate heat stress the body's functions are restored relatively quickly. In severe heatstroke, if assistance was rendered untimely death can occur.
Poisoning


In the summer of poisoning are becoming more frequent - rest in unfamiliar places, unfamiliar food. And it is not always possible to quickly get to the hospital. Have to act independently.


Symptoms: severe vomiting, loose stools with mucus and blood. The color of stool can be bright orange, gray or green. Can act as a cold sweat. In some cases, there is lethargy, drowsiness, and possible convulsions.


What to do | a sick child should be put, vomiting turned on its side and take measures to prevent inhalation of vomit. The basic first-aid measure for any poisoning - poisoning prevention of substance absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Exemption from the stomach of toxic substances is carried out only when a saved mind. To do so, driven by vomiting. Give the child to drink plenty of water, or better, 1-2% solution of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate). The volume of fluid that the patient should drink - the maximum possible for the child. Should be guided by the following figures: 100-150 mL for children 6-12 months, the 300-300 ml for children 2-5 years old and 350-550 ml - for seniors. In older children drink plenty of liquids can be combined with the subsequent pressure on the root of the tongue, causing the gag reflex.


The child should follow closely as possible to stop breathing. If it happens, you need an emergency CPR. For children the most effective, most acceptable way of artificial respiration are ways to "mouth-to-nose" or "mouth to mouth." The kid put on his back, throws back his head and rhythmically vigorous exercise insufflation of air into the mouth or nose (preferably through a gauze, cloth).


This tactic is good for any type of poisoning, not just food. Can stimulate the vomiting in poisoning by alkalis or acids, as this can increase the damage to the esophagus, as well as in cases of poisoning by hydrocarbons (gasoline) as well as vomiting promotes penetration of these substances in the airways and pneumonia. It is very important for future analysis to collect at least a first portion of vomit.


If you know that the child had swallowed acid, such as vinegar (found capacity, from which the child was drinking), to neutralize the liquid can be added to drinking a teaspoon of baking soda in 100 ml of water (a solution of 4%) or 0.2 g of ash in 1 kg child). Neutralizes the acid and milk.


If for any reason a child can not be taken to the hospital, where he will provide expert help, you can resort to using adsorbents (eg activated carbon). Adsorbents are taking a minimal dose - 20-30, the Teenagers can give up to 100 g Try to give your child a little drink to avoid dehydration.


Vladimir Tatochenko