Turpentine baths

In a normal immune system is able to distinguish its own tissues from other tissues and protects the body from foreign pathogens. Disturbances of this balance leads to the production of autoantibodies and autoimmune diseases. Autoantibodies can be organ-and organonespetsificheskie. An example of organ autoantibodies are antibodies against smooth muscle tissue. Organonespetsificheskie antibodies are antiphospholipid antibodies, lupus anticoagulant, antinuclear antibodies and anti-cardiolipin antibodies. Lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies - a non-specific antiphospholipid antibodies that bind to negatively charged phospholipids of cell membranes in all cells of the body, and are associated with thrombosis and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

The diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome is based on the presence of at least one clinical criterion and at least one laboratory test. Obstetric indications for prenatal screening - testing for the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies include the following conditions:

• unexplained fetal death or stillbirth;


• termination of pregnancy (three or more spontaneous abortions with no more than one delivery a living fetus);


• unexplained fetal death in the second or third trimester of pregnancy;


• severe preeclampsia or eclampsia 3-4 weeks of gestation;


• severe intrauterine growth retardation or other symptoms of severe placental insufficiency in the second or early third trimester of pregnancy.

Neakusherskie indications for prenatal screening for the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies include the following complications of pregnancy :

1. non-traumatic thrombosis or venous (arterial) thromboembolism;


2. heart attack or stroke under the age of 50-55 years;


3. autoimmune thrombocytopenia;


4. hemolytic anemia;


5. systemic lupus erythematosus;


6. false-positive reactions for syphilis.

Traditional treatment of APS during pregnancy management is the appointment of prednisolone, heparin, and low-dose aspirin. Current recommendations include prophylactic heparin subcutaneously in divided doses and aspirin (60-75 mg daily) for patients with a history of fetal death or abortion. Pregnant women with a history of thrombosis received therapeutic doses of heparin. To prevent thrombosis and a history of miscarriage, may be appropriate to the appointment of a low molecular weight heparin.